Rail track fastening is a critical aspect of railway infrastructure, and screws play a vital role in securing the tracks to the sleepers or ties. Various types of screws are used in rail track fastening, each designed to meet specific requirements and provide reliable and durable connections. In this article, we will explore some common types of screws used in rail track fastening and their unique characteristics.

1. Elastic Rail Clips with Screw Spike

Elastic rail clips with screw spikes are widely used in rail track fastening systems. The screw spike acts as a fastener that secures the rail clip to the sleeper or tie. These screws are typically made of high-strength steel, ensuring excellent holding power and durability. The elastic rail clips provide flexibility, allowing the rail to expand and contract with temperature changes, while the screw spike maintains a secure connection.

2. Coach Screws

Coach screws, also known as lag screws or coach bolts, are another commonly used type of screw in rail track fastening. These screws have a large diameter and a hexagonal head, making them easy to install with a wrench or socket. Coach screws are often used to connect wooden sleepers or ties to concrete or steel plates. Their coarse threads provide excellent grip and holding power, ensuring a secure and stable connection.

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3. Dog Spikes

Dog spikes, also referred to as track spikes or panel pins, are traditional fasteners for rail track construction. These spikes are driven into the wooden sleepers or ties and hold the rail in place. Dog spikes are usually made of high-carbon steel to withstand the tremendous forces applied by passing trains. They have a chisel-like point for easy insertion and a large square or rectangular-shaped head to prevent the spike from being pulled through the sleeper.

4. Screw Spikes

Screw spikes are similar to dog spikes, but they have threads along their shanks, allowing for easier installation and removal. These screws are typically used in combination with rail clips to fasten the rail to the sleepers or ties. The threaded portion of the screw spike provides a secure connection, while the head prevents over-insertion and ensures proper alignment of the rail.

5. Self-Drilling Screws

Self-drilling screws are designed to penetrate and secure metal components without the need for pre-drilled holes. In rail track fastening, self-drilling screws are commonly used to attach steel plates, brackets, or clips to rails, sleepers, or other structural elements. These screws feature a drill-like point and sharp threads that enable them to drill through the metal surface while creating a secure thread engagement.

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6. Hex Bolts

Hex bolts, also known as hexagonal head bolts or machine bolts, are used in rail track fastening applications requiring high tensile strength and shear resistance. These bolts have a hexagonal head for easy installation using a wrench or socket. Hex bolts are typically used in conjunction with nuts and washers to create a secure and adjustable connection between rail components, such as fishplates or joint bars.

7. Anchor Bolts

Anchor bolts are utilized in rail track fastening systems where additional stability and anchorage are required. These bolts are embedded into concrete foundations or structures and provide a secure attachment point for various rail components, including mounting brackets, base plates, or signal equipment. Anchor bolts have a threaded end that allows for the attachment of nuts and washers, ensuring a tight and reliable connection.

Conclusion

Rail track fastening requires the use of screws that can withstand the immense forces and environmental conditions associated with railway operations. Elastic rail clips with screw spikes, coach screws, dog spikes, screw spikes, self-drilling screws, hex bolts, and anchor bolts are among the common types of screws used in rail track fastening. Each screw type is designed to meet specific requirements and provide secure, durable, and reliable connections. By selecting the appropriate screw type for each application, railway operators can ensure the integrity and safety of their track infrastructure.

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