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本来，幸福这个实词。Originally, happiness this noun.

词法部分包括实词和虚词。Morphology comprises notional words and function words.

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实词虚化是语言发展中一种重要的现象。This paper describes how a full word changes into an empty word by this new unit.

在虚词语法化的过程中，原来实词的意义依然对虚词有很大的影响。During the course, the meanings of substantives still influent the meanings of the empty ones.

存在于多语句中的通常是一些表达主要信息的实词。These multiword utterances are usually the "substantive" or "content" words that carry the main message.

此外，由于助词大多由实词发展而来，所以本文也就其语法化过程及相关问题进行适当阐释。In addition, most of the auxiliary words evolve from the notional particles, so it has a reasonable explanation about their grammaticalization here.

实词虚化指的是将有实在意义的实词转化为无实在意义的、具有语法功能的虚词的一种过程或现象。Grammaticalization can be interpreted as the result of a process which turns content words into function words which have fading meanings and grammatical effect.

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动词是实词中的大类，在汉语语法学史上，动词问题一直是语法学界关注的重要课题之一。Verb is an important sort of resistive component. In the history of Chinese grammar, the issue of verb is always one of the important thesis in the grammar field.

随着语言学的发展和汉语研究的加深，不但实词研究颇有成效，虚词的研究也日益加温。With the deepening development of linguistics and Chinese study, people make many achievements not only in the field of notional word but also in the field of function word.

实词中名词和动词为主，说明这两种词在人类语言中是最基本的词，也是组成句子的最基本因素。Nouns and verbs is the main in notional words and the two words is the most basic terms in human language, and also is the fundamental factor of the composition of the sentence.

我国汉语实词虚化研究历史悠久，且不乏有独到见解，引进西方语法化理论后，汉语语法化研究又进入新的发展阶段。China has witnessed a long history of the study on lexemes abstraction with its original theories, which is argued as an early stage of the study on grammaticalization in Chinese.

本文的主要工作是研究获取支持词义排歧的知识的方法，并在此基础上建立一个面向真实文本中实词的汉语词义排歧系统。The main work in the dissertation is to study how to acquire the knowledge that is supporting WSD from different language resources and build a WSD system about Chinese real text.

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当研究汉语理解时，首先着力于指称概念的实词是理所当然的，但也不能轻视虚词在汉语句子、谈话、篇章中表达意义的作用。For Chinese understanding, it is natural to put content words in the first place, but the meaning of functional words in sentences, dialogues and texts cannot be overlooked, either.

文言文教学是语文教学中的重点和难点，实词又是文言文学习的重点。The ancient Chinese teaching in classical style is the key point and the difficulty in the language teaching and the full word is the study key point in classical style chinese learning.

虚词的作用是按照语法结构规则将各个实词组成短语或句子。虚词包括冠词、连词、代词和介词。Function words serve more to provide the grammar structure that connects content words into phrases and sentences. Function words include articles, conjunctions, pronouns, and prepositions.

当进行自然语言理解研究时，首先把指称概念的实词放在首要地位是理所当然的，但虚词在句子、谈话、篇章中表达意义的作用也不能轻视。For the Research of Natural Language understanding, it is natural to put content words in the first place, but the meaning of functional words in sentences, dialogues and texts cannot be overlooked,.