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碳烯也可与醇反应。The carbene also reacts with alcohols.

卡宾的基态有单线态和三线态两种状态。The basic state of carbene is singlet or triplet.

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因此，环丙烷化反应产物来源有镍卡宾和铬卡宾。So, the cyclopropane product comes from nickel carbenoids and chromium carbene.

杂环卡宾的反应性能较高，它们与周期表中几乎所有的元素都能发生反应。Because N-heterocyclic carbene has very high activity of reaction, it can react with all elements in periodical table.

合成并表征了一种新型的有空间需求的N-杂环卡宾前驱体1，3-二烷基咪唑啉盐。New, sterically demanding 1,3-dialkylimidazolinium salts used as N-heterocyclic carbene precursors were synthesized and characterized.

本文主要通过碳烯和硅烯的结构、制备、性质等三方面来阐明它们之间的同和异。This paper presents the commonness and difference of carbene and silylene by their structures, Preparative methods and chemical properties.

碳烯和硅烯是分属于碳化物和硅化物中的两类反应活性中间体。两者甚为相似。Carbene and silylene are two kinds of reactive activity intermediates which belong to carbide and silicide separately, but they are quite similar.

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杂环卡宾金属络合物对许多反应有催化作用，它们是一类有潜在应用价值的催化剂。N-heterocyclic carbene metal complexes have catalytic activities for many organic reactions, and they are a type of catalyst with potential value.

本文推广了计算化学键能的劈裂更变模型，提出了一种估算生成卡宾的焓变的方法。After extending the cleaving-redeformation model for estimating the bond energies, a method for estimating the enthalpy changes of forming carbene has been put forward.

对于单态卡宾与臭氧的两条反应通道，通道2不仅具有很强的自发性，而且在动力学上更易进行。The comparison of two channels of the reaction of singlet carbene with ozone indicates that channel 2 is not only strongly spontaneous but also easy to take place kinetically.

自第一个稳定的咪唑盐化合物被发现之后，很多相关的研究皆在探讨其基本化学特性及催化上的应用，特别是在均相的反应上。Since the first stable N-Heterocyclic carbene is found, there are many work done on exploring its basic chemical properties and catalysis application, in particularly the homogeneous reaction.