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最后，糖异生水平也增加。Finally, they have an increased need for gluconeogenesis.

醣酵解与动物淀粉新生有何不同？How do glycolysis and gluconeogenesis differ?How are they similar?

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糖异生作用主要存在于肝脏。而在肾脏中则少的多。Gluconeogenesis occurs mainly in the liver and to a lesser extent in the kidney.

糖原异生在极低出生体重儿接受全肠外营养。Gluconeogenesis in Very Low Birth Weight Infants Receiving Total Parenteral Nutrition.

目的探讨大鼠急性肝功能衰竭时内毒素血症对肝脏及肾脏糖异生功能及血糖水平的影响。Objective To explore the effects of endotoxemia on gluconeogenesis in livers and kidneys during acute hepatic failure.

肝脏是从红细胞衍生的丙酮酸盐和乳酸盐以及氨基酸前体中进行糖异生的主要位点。The liver is the major site of gluconeogenesis from red blood cell–derived pyruvate and lactate and from amino acid precursors.

用胰岛素耐量、糖耐量及糖异生等试验评估模型动物的胰岛素敏感性。The insulin sensitivity of animal models was quantified by insulin tolerance test, glucose tolerance test and gluconeogenesis test, etc.

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胰岛素缺乏引起不可控制的糖异生并阻止循环中糖的利用和储存，此时会导致高血糖的出现。Hyperglycemia results when insulin deficiency leads to uninhibited gluconeogenesis and prevents the use and storage of circulating glucose.

本文主要从糖代谢酶的活性和基因表达等方面，较系统地阐述了糖酵解和糖异生过程中的一些关键酶的研究现状。This article explains the research progress of some key enzymes of the glycolysis and gluconeogenesis on the activities, gene expression and so on.

脂联素的胰岛素增敏作用是通过增加骨骼肌脂肪酸氧化以及抑制肝糖异生实现的。The sensitization of adiponectin to insulin is implemented by increasing fatty acid oxidation in skeletal muscle and restraining er gluconeogenesis in liver.

MDH在组织间则相当符合醣质新生的趋势，肌肉中酵素活性渐低而肝脏则活性增加。MDH activity changes in muscle and liver quite conform to the tendency of gluconeogenesis , in the muscle enzyme activity gradually lower but increase in the liver.

肝糖异生作用是长期饥饿下机体维持血糖平衡的主要途径，其主要依靠激素的调节，但不适当的调节可引起糖尿病和其他遗传代谢性疾病。The activation of hepatic gluconeogenesis plays an important role in maintaining blood glucose level within a narrow range by hormone regulation in the long-term starvation.