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氯离子，与氩的电子数相同。Chloride minus. Isoelectronic with argon.

好，这就是等电子离子的概念。So, that's the idea of isoelectronic ions.

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镁二正离子，同样也与氖等电子。Magnesium 2 plus, it is also isoelectronic with neon.

那么，让我们来做一个关于等电子原子的选择题吧。So, let's do a clicker question on isoelectronic atoms.

包括原子半径,以及等电子原子的概念。This includes atomic radius and the idea of isoelectronic atoms.

然后还有，氮，负三价-,这些都是与氖原子等电子的。Then also, nitrogen, 3 minus -- these are all going to be isoelectronic with neon.

而且这是He的等电子体，对吧，这就是He的等电子体。Well, this is isoelectronic with helium, right, and so is this, isoelectronic with helium.

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那么如果我们把它写出来，它应该就是负一价的氟离子与氖原子是等电子的。So if we want to write out what that would be, it would just be to say that f minus is isoelectronic with neon.

控制施主浓度和掺杂等电子杂质，可以获得低吸收锗窗。Germanium window with low absorption will be obtained through controlling donor concentration and doping isoelectronic im purity.

讨论了N等电子陷阱的电声子耦合强度及有效束缚激子半径随压力的变化关系。The pressure behaviors of electron-phonon coupling strength of N isoelectronic trap and effective radius of bound exciton are discussed.

这些结构规则以总配位数式和等电子分子周期表为其集中的体现形式。These structural rules are concentratedly expressed by the total coordination numbers and the periodic table of isoelectronic molecules.

该跃迁的某些性质类似于含少量氮搀杂的III-V族半导体材料，因此它有可能同样起源于等电子缺陷。Some aspects of the transition are analogous to III-V semiconductors with dilute nitrogen doping, which suggests that the origin could be related to an isoelectronic defect.

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因此，我们也许今天讲完，或者更有可能周五讲完，无论如何，就到我们讲完等电子原子为止，这是你们第一次考试所需要准备的全部内容。So whether we finish it today, or more likely when we finish it up on Friday, once we get passed isoelectronic atoms, that's it, that's all you need to study for this first exam.

那么，我们可以说--如果我们这里有氖原子,而我们想知道与它等电子的是什么，负一价的氟离子就是与它等电子的，我们还有氧-,氧应该是几价的？So, we can say that -- if we have neon here and we want to think about what's isoelectronic, -- f minus would be isoelectronic. We also have oxygen -- what would the charge on oxygen be?

那么，我们可以说--如果我们这里有氖原子,而我们想知道与它等电子的是什么，负一价的氟离子就是与它等电子的，我们还有氧-,氧应该是几价的？没错，负二价。So, we can say that -- if we have neon here and we want to think about what's isoelectronic, -- f minus would be isoelectronic. We also have oxygen -- what would the charge on oxygen be? Um-hmm, right. 2 minus.

下面我们继续讲第一次考试的最后一个主题，也就是等电子原子，或等电子离子的概念，“等电子的“是非常直接的表达，它的意思就是具有相同电子排布的。Let's move on to the last topic in terms of this first exam, which is thinking about the idea of isoelectronic atoms, or isoelectronic ions. And isoelectronic is very straightforward, it just means having the same electron configuration.

现在我们请大家来看一下氪原子，它的原子量是，36，大家其实可以拿出这张讲义,第二份关于考试的讲义,看一下上面的周期表，那么，下列离子中，哪一个是与氪原子是等电子的？And now we're asking you to look at krypton, so the atomic mass is 36. You can actually just grab that handout the second handout on the exam and look at the periodic table there. So, which of the following ions listed is isoelectronic with krypton?