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造成阻塞性无精子症的原因有哪些？Caused by obstructive azoospermia What are the reasons?

这对于精子缺乏的男性来说变得尤其重要。This becomes especially important in males with azoospermia.

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引起男性不育的一个重要原因是无精症、死精症。One of the important reasons of male infertility is azoospermia and dead spermatozoa.

睾丸活检对无精症的诊治具有重要的指导意义。Testicular biopsies could offer voluble help for diagnosis and treatment of azoospermia.

方法采用多重PCR技术，对123例原发性无精子症患者和34例正常已生育男性对照进行Y染色体微缺失检测。Methods Multiplex PCR was used to detect Y chromosome microdeletion in 123 azoospermia patients and 34 healthy controls.

结节均为圆形或椭圆形，质地中等，仅有1例患者有压痛。The tubercles were round or sphere round, with moderate hardness. Only 1 case had tenderness and all of them were azoospermia.

探讨无精子症和严重少精子症患者的遗传缺陷与精子生成障碍的关系。To investigate the relationship between spermatogenesis disorder and genetic defects of patients with azoospermia or severe oligospermia.

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目的探索经尿道射精管口电切术治疗射精管梗阻引起的无精子症的效果。To investigate the effect of the treatment of azoospermia with ejaculatory duct obstruction by transurethral resection of ejaculatory ducts.

结论简易式睾丸穿刺取精用于阻塞性无精子症的诊治是一种值得推广的方法。It is a recommendable method that simple testicular needle aspiration in the men diagnosis and treatment of the men with obstructive azoospermia.

结论用PCR方法可以检测AZF的缺失，是一种有效而可靠的检测方法，适用于男性无精、少精症患者的诊断。Conclusion Detect the deletions of AZF by PCR is an efficient and reliable technique. It is suitable to diagnosis the oligozoospermia and azoospermia.

方法运用PCR及琼脂糖凝胶电泳等方法，对成都地区42例原发性无精子症患者进行了AZF基因微缺失筛查。Methods AZF microdeletion screening was carried out in 42 idiopathic azoospermia patients in Chengdu area by using PCR and gelose gel electrophoresis.

在促性腺激素未被完全抑制组中，CAG重复数大于22的受试者达到无精子症的机会是其他受试者的1.5倍。In cases with incomplete gonadotrophin suppression, the chances of becoming azoospermia were 1.5 times higher in men with CAG repeats number more than 22.

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目的探讨国人特发性无精子症和少精子症患者Y染色体长臂近端无精子因子基因变异情况。Objective To detect the role of azoospermia factors located on proximal Yq in spermatogenesis among Chinese patients with idiopathic azoospermia and oligozoospermia.

结论血FSH高和睾丸体积小的无精子症患者，应行睾丸活检并同时行TESE以明确睾丸内是否有精子。Conclusions Azoospermia patients with high FSH and small testis should be recommended for testicular biopsy and TESE to confirm if there is any testicular spermatozoa.

近年来研究表明，在少精子症和生精细胞成熟阻滞的无精子症病人之间，睾丸中端粒酶活性表达水平相近。Recent studies showed that the telomerase activity in the patients with oligozoospermia was similar with that in the patients with azoospermia caused by maturation arrest.

BOULE基因表达的改变或BOULE蛋白的缺乏可引起减数分裂阻滞和精子生成障碍，从而导致无精子症并产生不育。The expression change of BOULE gene or the absence of BOULE protein brings on meiosis arrest and spermatogenic failure, which can lead to azoospermia and male infertility.

方法对91例无精子症患者和42例严重少精子症患者，采用外周血染色体核型分析和Y染色体AZF区域微缺失联合检测。Methods Both chromosome karyotypic and Y-chromosome AZF microdeletion analysis were performed on 91 blood specimens of idiopathic azoospermia and 42 patients of oligozoospermia patients.

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引起男性不育的因素很多，其中一个重要的原因是精子生成障碍，主要表现为原发性非梗阻性无精子症或少精子症。Several factors have been proposed for male infertility and spermatogenic failure is confirmed to be a significant one, which typified by idiopathic non-obstructive azoospermia or oligozoospermia.