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石笋，这个洞穴里随处可见。A stalagmite. The cave is full of them.

石笋在钟乳石下面，它们二者都在增长，最终会合。A stalagmite is below a stalactite and they both grow, eventually to meet.

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当钟乳石与石笋连在一起，称之为圆柱。Once a stalactite and a stalagmite are connected, then it is called a column.

我们还花了大约5分钟，然后爬至山顶的石笋。We also spent about 5 minutes before climbing to the peak under the stalagmite.

沟底，一峰矗立，刺向蓝天，人称石笋山，沟名“石笋沟”。Goudi, a towering peaks, Cixiang blue sky, called stalagmites Hill , The groove of "stalagmite ditch."

洞内石笋、石柱、石琴、石幔、石花、石钟乳发育齐全，分布集中。Stalagmite inside the cave, columns, Shi Qin, Shiman, stone flower, complete stalactite growth, focus on distribution.

他用一个可充气的包来运送石笋，对这些石笋的研究可以了解过去的气候是如何剧烈变化的。An inflatable lift bag brings a stalagmite to the surface to be studied for evidence of abrupt climate changes in the past.

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主要原因可能是微生物选择性降解的结果，也有可能是土壤与石笋中微生物种类分布差异所造成的。These phenomena may be caused by the selective degradation or different microorganism distribution in the stalagmite and soil.

在分析石笋微层形成机理的基础上，介绍了石笋微层厚度测量的主要方法及影响因素。On the basis of the mechanism of stalagmite growth, this papaer presents leading thickness measurements of stalagmite microlayer.

在阿巴科岛的丹氏洞穴里，潜水员正使用引导绳通过一片石笋林。Following the guideline her life depends on, a diver threads the needle through a stalagmite forest in Dan's Cave on Abaco Island.

转化作用不影响同位素分馏，石笋同时全面记录古气候环境信息。This change does not disturb isotopic fractionation, and during the process the stalagmite is able to keep environment information.

看看雷佐·皮耶罗设计的伦敦塔，细长的玻璃金字塔组成一个闪耀的石笋直指伦敦上空，在空中形成美丽的轮廓。Just look at Renzo piano’s London Bridge Tower, a slender glass pyramid that forms a glittering stalagmite against the old city’s skyline.

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有时，水直接朝地下滴，于是，矿物质向上堆积，像倒挂的冰柱。这叫做石笋。Sometimes water drips directly to the floor, so the mineral matter builds upward, like an upside-down icicle. This is called a stalagmite.

不远处有个石笋，已有些年月，它是由头顶上的钟乳石滴水所形成的。In one place, near at hand, a stalagmite had been slowly growing up from the ground for ages, builded by the water-drip from a stalactite overhead.

对采集于四川东北部诺水河溶洞群的石笋SJ3的分析结果显示，在相对温暖湿润时期的石笋沉积中稀土元素含量明显增加。Variations of the rare earth element content in SJ3, a stalagmite which was sampled from Nuoshuihe Karstic Beauty Spot, northeastern Sichuan, are climatically related.

作者认为，洞穴区域性生态差异与土壤CO_2产率不同是导致石笋碳同位素复杂多变的主要原因。The author suggests that the region ecologic discrepancies and the different productivity of soil CO_2 is the main cause of the variability of the stalagmite carbon isotope.

洞穴滴水主要来源于大气降水的入渗，是岩溶洞穴内的低能量的渗流水，它受控于水-土-岩的相互作用。An understanding of temporal and spatial variability of cave drip water geochemistry is thus important in studying the stalagmite records for interpreting the paleoclimatic change.

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洞穴水滴记录仪是为研究石笋年层气候意义而专门设计的记录洞穴滴水速率参数的仪器。An understanding of temporal and spatial variability of cave drip water geochemistry is thus important in studying the stalagmite records for interpreting the paleoclimatic change.

据洞穴石笋测年、古地磁资料及年溶蚀率推测，水南洞洞穴形成年代大约是早中更新世时期。On the basis of the stalagmite dating and the paleomagnetic data and the yearly rate of corrosion, the development period of Shuinan Cave may approximately be the early and middle Pleistocene.

喀斯特溶洞中石钟乳和石笋在形成过程中，碳酸盐矿物结晶时，常常捕获周围水溶液和气体，形成不混溶流体包裹体组合。During the formation of stalactite and stalagmite in karst caves carbonate minerals often trap gas and aqueous fluids, forming immiscible fluid inclusion population when they are crystallizing.