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共析反应。Eutectoid reaction.

共析物的形成是非常缓慢的。The eutectoid compounds are very slow in forming.

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证实了锡和镍共存时能发生共析。It is verified that SnNi eutectoid may results as they coexists.

钢中珠光体转变属典型的扩散型共析转变。Pearlitic transformation in steel is a typical diffusion eutectoid transition.

共析层硬度由表及里逐渐降低。The eutectoid layer's micro-hardness from external to internal is gradually decline.

过共析钢是含碳量大于共析量的钢。Hypereutectoid steels are steels that contain greater than the eutectoid amount of carbon.

研究贝氏体相变的特点，弄清贝氏体相变反应与共析分解的区别极为重要。It is important to understand the difference of bainite transformation and eutectoid decomposition in steels.

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最后讲述了珠光体生长的台阶机制及一些非铁碳合金的共析组织。At the last, the steps mechanism of pearlitic growing and some eutectoid structures of non Fe-C alloys are pointed out.

硼有加速珠光体成长率的作用，无论在亚共析或共析钢中皆有同样的现象产生。It was found by experiments thatboron increased the growth rate of pearlite, both in hypoeutectoid and eutectoid steels.

其成分特征是碳含量在共析点左右的高碳低锰钢轨钢。The main characteristics of the rail steel are low manganese and high carbon which content is being closed to eutectoid.

研究指出，直接由铸造的锌铝共析合金进行超塑性处理，也可以得到超塑性。It was found that the superplasticity was also obtained directly by superplastic treatment of the cast Zn-Al eutectoid alloy.

如图2.1所示的简化铁碳状态图将焦点集中在共析区，这对理解钢的性能和处理是十分有用的。A simplified diagram, such as the one in Fig. 2.1, focuses on the eutectoid region and is quite useful in understanding the properties and processing of steel.

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重新加热硬化钢或硬化铸铁至某一温度，低于共析温度下，使硬度降低，韧度增加。To reheat hardened steel or hardened cast iron to some temperature below the eutectoid temperature for the purpose of decreasing hardness and increasing toughness.

研究表明，当内耗测量频率趋于零时，-60℃为材料黏弹性-滞弹性的转变点。It is found that at the temperature -60℃, the Zn Al eutectoid alloy achieves viscoelasticity- anelasticity transition when the measuring frequency is close to zero.

应用电子衍衬技术和扫描电镜等手段，对共析珠光体轨钢的微观结构和断裂过程，进行了观察和分析。The microstructure and fracture process of an eutectoid pearlitic steel have been observation and analysed by means of electron-diffraction-contrast technique and SEM.

高于此点，由于超过共析点钢完全由珠光体和退火状态的渗碳体组成，硬度增加并不多。Above this point the hardness can be increased only slightly, because steels above the eutectoid point are made up entirely of pearlite and cementite in the annealed state.

当钢材冷却得足够缓慢而达到平衡状态时，这两种结构会形成一种共析结构，称为珠光体，但如果快速冷却，钢材将被硬化。These two constituents form a eutectoid structure known as pearlite when the steel is cooled slowly enough to reach equilibrium, but by rapid cooling the steel is hardened.

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对于完全是片层珠光体组织的T8钢，渗碳体片层表现出一定程度的塑性变形能力，并随片层间距的减小变形能力增强。In specimens of eutectoid steel T8, the cementite lamellae may be plastically deformed to some extent, and its tendency increases with the decrease of interlamellar spacing.

共析分解是个自组织过程，具有铁素体和渗碳体互为领先相的整合机制。The eutectoid decomposition is a self organization process, which is characterized by the integrated mechanism that ferrite and cementite acted as prevenient phase alternatively.

应用系统科学的理论和方法，研究了钢中珠光体共析分解机制，否定了领先相的存在。The scientific theory and method are applied to study the pearlitic eutectoid decomposition mechanism in steels and the concept of existence of so-called prevenient phase was negated.